![]() ![]() As you progress down the periodic table, the halogens decrease in reactivity, with fluorine being the most reactive halogen (and element in general!). By obtaining an electron, halogens form anions with a -1 charge. They have 7 electrons in their outermost shell and desire to gain an extra electron to complete their shell of 8 electrons. The halogens are so reactive due to their electronic configuration. Halogens are the most reactive nonmetals on the periodic table. Halogens, unlike metals, exist in all three different states of matter in their standard state- fluorine is found naturally as a gas, bromine as a liquid, and the larger iodine is found naturally as a solid. This group includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and the more recently discover astatine. Group 17 can be found in the table’s 17th column. The halogens make up Group 17 of the elements on the periodic table. The name halogen means “salt-producer.” They are Halogens make up group 17, which is found in the 17th column of the periodic table. Where are the halogens found on the periodic table? This makes them very reactive as they seek to complete their outermost shell of 8 electrons.ģ. How many valence electrons do halogens have? Their name means salt-producer, and they are the most reactive non-metal elements.Ģ. The halogens are a group of elements found in group 17 of the periodic table. Elements in the periodic table can be described as metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. Elements in the same group typically have similar chemical properties as a result of their similar electronic configuration. All of the elements in a group share the same number of valence electrons: electrons in their outermost shell. It is important to recognize which numbering system is being used and to be able to find the number of valence electrons in the main block elements regardless of which numbering system is being used.Refresher: The periodic table is organized into groups - where each column comprises a group. You will come across periodic tables with both numbering systems. In this numbering system, group 1A is group 1 group 2A is group 2 the halogens (7A) are group 17 and the noble gases (8A) are group 18. ![]() The elements in this group are also gases at room temperature.Īn alternate numbering system numbers all of the \(s\), \(p\), and \(d\) block elements from 1-18. We will learn the reason for this later, when we discuss how compounds form. These elements also have similar properties to each other, the most significant property being that they are extremely unreactive, rarely forming compounds. This group contains very reactive nonmetal elements. Group 7A (or 17) elements are also called halogens. It is important to recognize a couple of other important groups on the periodic table by their group name. Remember, Mendeleev arranged the table so that elements with the most similar properties were in the same group on the periodic table. The same pattern is true of other groups on the periodic table. Once again, because of their similarities in electron configurations, these elements have similar properties to each other. Group 2A is also called the alkaline earth metals. Although most metals tend to be very hard, these metals are actually soft and can be easily cut. Group 1A is also known as the alkali metals. Because of their similarities in their chemical properties, Mendeleev put these elements into the same group. The elements in 1A are all very reactive and form compounds in the same ratios with similar properties with other elements. This is what causes these elements to react in the same ways as the other members of the family. All of the 1A elements have one valence electron. A group is a vertical column of the periodic table. ![]() Remember that Mendeleev arranged the periodic table so that elements with the most similar properties were placed in the same group. ![]()
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